What is the main purpose of a cathodic protection system?

The main purpose of a cathodic protection system is to prevent corrosion of the protective structure. This system is essential in environments where metal structures, such as tanks and pipelines, are exposed to corrosive elements, particularly soils and water that can lead to metal degradation. Cathodic protection works by converting the metal structure into the cathode of an electrochemical cell, effectively reducing the rate of corrosion.

In practice, this can be achieved through two primary methods: galvanic systems, which use sacrificial anodes to protect the structure, and impressed current systems, which apply an external electrical current to mitigate corrosion. By focusing on corrosion prevention, cathodic protection extends the lifespan of underground storage tanks and pipelines, thereby enhancing safety and reducing maintenance costs.

The other options do not align with the fundamental purpose of a cathodic protection system. While increasing metal strength, promoting electrical flow, or isolating components may be relevant in specific contexts, they do not relate to the primary function of preventing corrosion.